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<title>Iarbas</title>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the legendary figure associated with the foundation of Carthage. For the historical Numidian ruler, see <a href="Hiarbas_(king)" title="Hiarbas (king)">Hiarbas (king)</a>.</div>

<p><b>Iarbas</b> (or <b>Hiarbas</b>) was a legendary <a href="Libyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan">Libyan</a>/<a href="Berbers" title="Berbers">Berber</a> figure,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was mentioned by the Greek philosopher and historian <a href="Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> as well as in works by various Roman authors including <a href="Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> and <a href="Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>. The character is possibly based on a real historical king of <a href="Numidia" title="Numidia">Numidia</a>. </p><blockquote><p>"<b>Iarbas</b> was the first being begotten, that he was born in the parched plain, and that he seized (to feed) the sweet acorn of Jupiter."- Plutarch<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote><p>In <a href="Roman_mythology" title="Roman mythology">Roman mythology</a> and <a href="Traditional_Berber_religion" title="Traditional Berber religion">Libyan mythology</a>, Iarbas was the son of <a href="Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a>-<a href="Amun" title="Amun">Hammon</a> (<a href="Amun" title="Amun">Hammon</a> was a North African god <a href="Religious_syncretism" title="Religious syncretism">associated</a> by the Romans with <a href="Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, and known for his oracle) and a <a href="Garamantes" title="Garamantes">Garamantian</a> <a href="Nymph" title="Nymph">nymph</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iarbas was said to have led an army across the Libyan desert, however he and his army began suffering from severe thirst. Iarbas implored for the assistance of his father <a href="Amun" title="Amun">Ammon</a> for aid, the god sent him a <a href="Sheep" title="Sheep">ram</a> (the animal of the god) and Iarbas and his army followed the ram to a location, where, the ram struck his hooves to the ground and up sprang a water source, and this is how the libyans began attributing the animal to Amun (<a href="Libyans" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyans">libyans</a> origin of the cult of ram worship).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Iarbas became the king of <a href="Gaetuli" title="Gaetuli">Getulia</a>. According to <a href="Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>'s <i><a href="Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i>, he was the prince suitor for the <a href="Ancient_Carthage" title="Ancient Carthage">Carthaginian</a> queen <a href="Dido_(Queen_of_Carthage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dido (Queen of Carthage)">Dido</a>, Iarbas comments that Carthage is a city of pitiful size<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and tells Dido how glorious the city could rise from an important marriage with him an infinitly powerful king and a son of Ammon, she however rejected his advances, he then completely drops out of the story after the rejection<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Variations of the story were referred to by <a href="Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>. In Ovid's <i><a href="Heroides" title="Heroides">Heroides</a></i>, Dido describes Iarbas as one of her suitors,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> her own people arranged a forced marriage between her and king Iarbas so that Carthage may rise to glory<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aeneas would be handing her over as a captive if he should leave her she told him,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however Aeneas leaves her bitterly to found Rome and she takes her own life from grief of separation. In Ovid's <i><a href="Fasti_(poem)" title="Fasti (poem)">Fasti</a></i>, Iarbas and the Numidians take over Dido's land after her suicide, resulting in his capturing her palace.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p><a href="Macrobius" title="Macrobius">Macrobius</a>, and <a href="Pompeius_Trogus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pompeius Trogus">Pompeius Trogus</a> also tell versions of the myth; in <a href="Justin_(historian)" title="Justin (historian)">Justin</a>'s epitome of Pompeius he is king of the Muxitani.

</p><p><a href="Silius_Italicus" title="Silius Italicus">Silius Italicus</a>, in his epic poem <i><a href="Punica_(poem)" title="Punica (poem)">Punica</a></i> borrows the name of Hiarbas for one of his characters.<sup id="cite_ref-MTD_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MTD-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hiarbas is the Gately leader of the Gaetuli, <a href="Nasamones" title="Nasamones">Nasamones</a> and <a href="Macae" class="mw-redirect" title="Macae">Macae</a> and the father of <a href="Asbyte" title="Asbyte">Asbyte</a>, one of the Carthaginian leaders in the <a href="Second_Punic_War" title="Second Punic War">Second Punic War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He traces his ancestry back to <a href="Jupiter_(god)" title="Jupiter (god)">Jupiter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is killed by the <a href="Saguntine" class="mw-redirect" title="Saguntine">Saguntine</a> hero Murrus.<sup id="cite_ref-MTD_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MTD-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Iarbas is briefly referenced in <a href="Dante" class="mw-redirect" title="Dante">Dante</a>'s <i><a href="Purgatorio" title="Purgatorio">Purgatorio</a></i> as owning part of the land south of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iarbas is also a character in Christopher Marlowe's play <i><a href="Dido%2C_Queen_of_Carthage_(play)" title="Dido, Queen of Carthage (play)">Dido, Queen of Carthage</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.dz/books/edition/Revue_arch%C3%A9ologique/pS09AQAAIAAJ?hl=fr&gbpv=1&dq=Iarbas&pg=PA640&printsec=frontcover"><i>Revue archéologique</i></a> (in French). Presses universitaires de France. 1851. p. 641.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.dz/books/edition/Revue_arch%C3%A9ologique/pS09AQAAIAAJ?hl=fr&gbpv=1&dq=Iarbas&pg=PA640&printsec=frontcover"><i>Revue archéologique</i></a> (in French). Presses universitaires de France. 1851. p. 640.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a> <i><a href="Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> 4.198.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGildenhard2012" class="citation book cs1">Gildenhard, Ingo (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.dz/books/edition/Virgil_Aeneid_4_1_299/2NohH_K1yz8C?hl=fr&gbpv=1&dq=Iarbas&pg=PA186&printsec=frontcover"><i>Virgil, Aeneid, 4.1-299: Latin Text, Study Questions, Commentary and Interpretative Essays</i></a>. Open Book Publishers. pp. 32, 188. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-909254-15-2</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Virgil <i>Aeneid</i> 4.213-4.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKuhn2024" class="citation book cs1">Kuhn, John (2024-12-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.dz/books/edition/Making_Pagans/FwgUEQAAQBAJ?hl=fr&gbpv=1&dq=Iarbas&pg=PA149&printsec=frontcover"><i>Making Pagans: Theatrical Practice and Comparative Religion in Early Modern England</i></a>. University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-5128-2510-7</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cliffsnotes.com/literature/a/aeneid/summary-and-analysis/book-iv">"Book IV"</a>. <i>www.cliffsnotes.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-08-04</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGildenhard2012" class="citation book cs1">Gildenhard, Ingo (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.dz/books/edition/Virgil_Aeneid_4_1_299/2NohH_K1yz8C?hl=fr&gbpv=1&dq=Iarbas&pg=PA186&printsec=frontcover"><i>Virgil, Aeneid, 4.1-299: Latin Text, Study Questions, Commentary and Interpretative Essays</i></a>. Open Book Publishers. pp. 75, 188. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-909254-15-2</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> <i><a href="Heroides" title="Heroides">Heroides</a></i> 7.125.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid <i><a href="Fasti_(poem)" title="Fasti (poem)">Fasti</a></i> 3.551-4.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-MTD-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MTD_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MTD_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin T. Dinter, "Epitaphic Gestures in Statius and Silius Italicus", in Antony Augoustakis (ed.), <i>Ritual and Religion in Flavian Epic</i> (Oxford University Press, ), pp. 267–286, at 277.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_J._Mattingly1995" class="citation cs2"><a href="David_Mattingly_(archaeologist)" title="David Mattingly (archaeologist)">David J. Mattingly</a> (1995), <i>Tripolitania</i>, B. T. Batsford, p. 56</cite>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alison M. Keith, "Engendering Orientalism in Silius' <i>Pvnica</i>", in Antony Agoustakis (ed.), <i>Brill's Companion to Silius Italicus</i> (Brill, 2010), pp. 353–373, at 367.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Dante" class="mw-redirect" title="Dante">Dante</a> <i><a href="Purgatorio" title="Purgatorio">Purgatorio</a></i> 31.72.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dido-Queen-of-Carthage">"Dido, Queen of Carthage | play by Marlowe and Nashe"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-08-04</span></span>.</cite></span>

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</style><div id="Virgil&#039;s_Aeneid_(19_BC)109" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>'s <i><a href="Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> (19 BC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alecto" title="Alecto">Alecto</a></li>

<li><a href="Crinisus" title="Crinisus">Crinisus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cupid" title="Cupid">Cupid</a></li>

<li><a href="Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li>

<li><a href="Hymen_(god)" title="Hymen (god)">Hymen</a></li>

<li><a href="Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury_(mythology)" title="Mercury (mythology)">Mercury</a></li>

<li><a href="Saturn_(mythology)" title="Saturn (mythology)">Saturn</a></li>

<li><a href="Tiberinus_(god)" title="Tiberinus (god)">Tiberinus</a></li>

<li><a href="Venus_(mythology)" title="Venus (mythology)">Venus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trojans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Achates_(Aeneid)" title="Achates (Aeneid)">Achates</a></li>

<li><a href="Aeneads" title="Aeneads">Aeneads</a></li>

<li><a href="Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li>

<li><a href="Aeolus" title="Aeolus">Aeolus</a></li>

<li><a href="Aletes_(Aeneid_character)" title="Aletes (Aeneid character)">Aletes</a></li>

<li><a href="Anchises" title="Anchises">Anchises</a></li>

<li><a href="Andromache" title="Andromache">Andromache</a></li>

<li><a href="Antiphates" title="Antiphates">Antiphates</a></li>

<li><a href="Ascanius" title="Ascanius">Ascanius</a></li>

<li><a href="Caieta" title="Caieta">Caieta</a></li>

<li><a href="Capys" title="Capys">Capys</a></li>

<li><a href="Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li>

<li><a href="Clonius" title="Clonius">Clonius</a></li>

<li><a href="Corynaeus" title="Corynaeus">Corynaeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Creusa_(wife_of_Aeneas)" title="Creusa (wife of Aeneas)">Creusa</a></li>

<li><a href="Dardanus_(son_of_Zeus)" title="Dardanus (son of Zeus)">Dardanus</a></li>

<li><a href="Dares_Phrygius" title="Dares Phrygius">Dares Phrygius</a></li>

<li><a href="Deiphobus" title="Deiphobus">Deiphobus</a></li>

<li><a href="Elymus_(mythology)" title="Elymus (mythology)">Elymus</a></li>

<li><a href="Entellus" title="Entellus">Entellus</a></li>

<li><a href="Nisus_and_Euryalus" title="Nisus and Euryalus">Euryalus</a></li>

<li><a href="Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li>

<li><a href="Hippocoon" title="Hippocoon">Hippocoon</a></li>

<li><a href="Ilioneus" title="Ilioneus">Ilioneus</a></li>

<li><a href="Laoco%C3%B6n" title="Laocoön">Laocoön</a></li>

<li><a href="Mimas_(Aeneid)" title="Mimas (Aeneid)">Mimas</a></li>

<li><a href="Misenus" title="Misenus">Misenus</a></li>

<li><a href="Mnestheus" title="Mnestheus">Mnestheus</a></li>

<li><a href="Nisus_and_Euryalus" title="Nisus and Euryalus">Nisus</a></li>

<li><a href="Ornytus" title="Ornytus">Ornytus</a></li>

<li><a href="Palinurus" title="Palinurus">Palinurus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pandarus" title="Pandarus">Pandarus</a></li>

<li><a href="Panthous" title="Panthous">Panthous</a></li>

<li><a href="Paris_(mythology)" title="Paris (mythology)">Paris</a></li>

<li><a href="Polites_(Prince_of_Troy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polites (Prince of Troy)">Polites</a></li>

<li><a href="Priam" title="Priam">Priam</a></li>

<li><a href="Ripheus" title="Ripheus">Ripheus</a></li>

<li><a href="Sergestus" title="Sergestus">Sergestus</a></li>

<li><a href="Theona" title="Theona">Theano</a></li>

<li><a href="Thymoetes" title="Thymoetes">Thymoetes</a></li>

<li><a href="Ucalegon" title="Ucalegon">Ucalegon</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phoenicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Acerbas" title="Acerbas">Acerbas</a></li>

<li><a href="Anna_Perenna" title="Anna Perenna">Anna Perenna</a></li>

<li><a href="Belus_(Tyre)" title="Belus (Tyre)">Belus</a></li>

<li><a href="Mattan_I" title="Mattan I">Mattan I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pygmalion_of_Tyre" title="Pygmalion of Tyre">Pygmalion of Tyre</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Acestes" title="Acestes">Acestes</a></li>

<li><a href="Achaemenides" title="Achaemenides">Achaemenides</a></li>

<li><a href="Actor_(mythology)" title="Actor (mythology)">Actor</a></li>

<li><a href="Ajax_the_Lesser" title="Ajax the Lesser">Ajax the Lesser</a></li>

<li><a href="Amata" title="Amata">Amata</a></li>

<li><a href="Androgeus_(Aeneid)" title="Androgeus (Aeneid)">Androgeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Automedon" title="Automedon">Automedon</a></li>

<li><a href="Aventinus_(mythology)" title="Aventinus (mythology)">Aventinus</a></li>

<li><a href="Butes" title="Butes">Butes</a></li>

<li><a href="Camilla_(mythology)" title="Camilla (mythology)">Camilla</a></li>

<li><a href="Catillus" title="Catillus">Catillus</a></li>

<li><a href="Clytius" title="Clytius">Clytius</a></li>

<li><a href="Cydon" title="Cydon">Cydon</a></li>

<li><a href="Cydonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Cydonians">Cydonians</a></li>

<li><a href="Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a></li>

<li><a href="Erulus" title="Erulus">Erulus</a></li>

<li><a href="Evander_of_Pallene" class="mw-redirect" title="Evander of Pallene">Evander of Pallene</a></li>

<li><a href="Halaesus" title="Halaesus">Halaesus</a></li>

<li><a href="Juturna" title="Juturna">Juturna</a></li>

<li><a href="Latinus" title="Latinus">Latinus</a></li>

<li><a href="Lausus" title="Lausus">Lausus</a></li>

<li><a href="Lavinia" title="Lavinia">Lavinia</a></li>

<li><a href="Macar" title="Macar">Macar</a></li>

<li><a href="Messapus" title="Messapus">Messapus</a></li>

<li><a href="Metabus" title="Metabus">Metabus</a></li>

<li><a href="Mezentius" title="Mezentius">Mezentius</a></li>

<li><a href="Neoptolemus" title="Neoptolemus">Neoptolemus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pallas_(son_of_Evander)" title="Pallas (son of Evander)">Pallas</a></li>

<li><a href="Picus" title="Picus">Picus</a></li>

<li><a href="Rutuli" title="Rutuli">Rutuli</a></li>

<li><a href="Salius" title="Salius">Salius</a></li>

<li><a href="Sinon" title="Sinon">Sinon</a></li>

<li><a href="Turnus" title="Turnus">Turnus</a></li>

<li><a href="Ufens" title="Ufens">Ufens</a></li>

<li><a href="Umbro_(priest)" title="Umbro (priest)">Umbro</a></li>

<li><a href="Venulus" title="Venulus">Venulus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film and TV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="The_Avenger_(1962_film)" title="The Avenger (1962 film)">The Avenger</a></i> (1962)</li>

<li><i><a href="Eneide_(TV_serial)" title="Eneide (TV serial)">Eneide</a></i> (1971–2)</li>

<li><i>Eneyida</i> (1991)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Historia_Brittonum" title="Historia Brittonum">Historia Brittonum</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 828</span> history of Britain)</li>

<li><i><a href="Roman_d'En%C3%A9as" title="Roman d'Enéas">Roman d'Enéas</a></i> (1160 poem)</li>

<li><i>Eneas romance</i> (ca. 1170-1188)</li>

<li><i><a href="Dido%2C_Queen_of_Carthage_(play)" title="Dido, Queen of Carthage (play)">Dido, Queen of Carthage</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1593</span> play)</li>

<li><i><a href="Virgile_travesti" title="Virgile travesti">Virgile travesti</a></i> (1648)</li>

<li><i><a href="Amelia_(novel)" title="Amelia (novel)">Amelia</a></i> (1751 novel)</li>

<li><i><a href="The_Dunciad" title="The Dunciad">The Dunciad</a></i> (1729 poem)</li>

<li><i><a href="Eneida" title="Eneida">Eneida</a></i> (1798 mock epic)</li>

<li><i><a href="Lavinia_(novel)" title="Lavinia (novel)">Lavinia</a></i> (2008 novel)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Didone_(opera)" title="Didone (opera)">Didone</a></i> (1641 Cavalli)</li>

<li><i><a href="Achille_et_Polyx%C3%A8ne" title="Achille et Polyxène">Achille et Polyxène</a></i> (1687 Lully/Collasse)</li>

<li><i><a href="Dido_and_Aeneas" title="Dido and Aeneas">Dido and Aeneas</a></i> (1688 Purcell)</li>

<li><i><a href="Didon_(Desmarets)" title="Didon (Desmarets)">Didon</a></i> (1693 Desmarets)</li>

<li><i><a href="Didone_abbandonata" title="Didone abbandonata">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1724 libretto Metastasio)</li>

<li><i><a href="Didone_abbandonata_(Sarro)" title="Didone abbandonata (Sarro)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1724 Sarro)</li>

<li><i><a href="Didone_abbandonata_(Albinoni)" title="Didone abbandonata (Albinoni)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1724 Albinoni)</li>

<li><i><a href="Didone_abbandonata_(Vinci)" title="Didone abbandonata (Vinci)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1726 Vinci)</li>

<li><i><a href="Didone_abbandonata_(Sarti)" title="Didone abbandonata (Sarti)">Didone abbandonata</a></i> (1762 Sarti)</li>

<li><i><a href="Didon_(Piccinni)" title="Didon (Piccinni)">Didon</a></i> (1783 Piccinni)</li>

<li><i><a href="Dido%2C_Queen_of_Carthage_(opera)" title="Dido, Queen of Carthage (opera)">Dido, Queen of Carthage</a></i> (1792 Storace)</li>

<li><i><a href="Les_Troyens" title="Les Troyens">Les Troyens</a></i> (1858 Berlioz)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Book_of_Ballymote" title="Book of Ballymote">Book of Ballymote</a></li>

<li><a href="Papyrus_Oxyrhynchus_31" title="Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 31">Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 31</a></li>

<li><a href="Vergilius_Augusteus" title="Vergilius Augusteus">Vergilius Augusteus</a></li>

<li><a href="Vergilius_Romanus" title="Vergilius Romanus">Vergilius Romanus</a></li>

<li><a href="Vergilius_Vaticanus" title="Vergilius Vaticanus">Vergilius Vaticanus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Ad_astra_(phrase)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad astra (phrase)">Ad astra</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Annuit_c%C5%93ptis" title="Annuit cœptis">Annuit cœptis</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Experto_crede" title="Experto crede">Experto crede</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Fortune_favours_the_bold" title="Fortune favours the bold">Fortune favours the bold</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Lacrimae_rerum" title="Lacrimae rerum">Lacrimae rerum</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Mind_over_matter" title="Mind over matter">Mind over matter</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Obscuris_vera_involvens" title="Obscuris vera involvens">Obscuris vera involvens</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Beware_of_Greeks_bearing_gifts" title="Beware of Greeks bearing gifts">Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Laoco%C3%B6n_and_His_Sons" title="Laocoön and His Sons">Laocoön and His Sons</a></i> (25 BC)</li>

<li><i><a href="Aeneas%2C_Anchises%2C_and_Ascanius" title="Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius">Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius</a></i> (1619)</li>

<li><i><a href="The_Dream_of_Aeneas_(Salvator_Rosa)" title="The Dream of Aeneas (Salvator Rosa)">The Dream of Aeneas</a></i> (1660–65)</li>

<li><i><a href="Landscape_with_Ascanius_Shooting_the_Stag_of_Sylvia" title="Landscape with Ascanius Shooting the Stag of Sylvia">Ascanius Shooting the Stag of Sylvia</a></i> (1689)</li>

<li><i><a href="Dido_building_Carthage" title="Dido building Carthage">Dido building Carthage</a></i> (1815)</li>

<li><i><a href="The_Golden_Bough_(painting)" title="The Golden Bough (painting)">The Golden Bough</a></i> (1834)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>"<a href="And_Then_There_Was_Silence" title="And Then There Was Silence">And Then There Was Silence</a>"</li>

<li><i><a href="Gates_of_Fire_(album)" title="Gates of Fire (album)">Gates of Fire</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Study</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aposiopesis" title="Aposiopesis">Aposiopesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Dactylic_hexameter" title="Dactylic hexameter">Dactylic hexameter</a></li>

<li><a href="Hysteron_proteron" title="Hysteron proteron">Hysteron proteron</a></li>

<li><a href="Sortes_Vergilianae" title="Sortes Vergilianae">Sortes Vergilianae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Brutus_of_Troy" title="Brutus of Troy">Brutus of Troy</a></li>

<li><a href="Eneados" title="Eneados">Eneados</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Golden_Bough_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Golden Bough (mythology)">The Golden Bough</a></li>

<li><a href="Parallels_between_Virgil's_Aeneid_and_Homer's_Iliad_and_Odyssey" class="mw-redirect" title="Parallels between Virgil's Aeneid and Homer's Iliad and Odyssey">Parallels between Virgil's <i>Aeneid</i> and Homer's <i>Iliad</i> and <i>Odyssey</i></a></li>

<li><a href="Political_commentary_of_the_Aeneid" title="Political commentary of the Aeneid">Political commentary of the <i>Aeneid</i></a></li>

<li><a href="Sulpicius_Apollinaris" title="Sulpicius Apollinaris">Sulpicius Apollinaris</a></li>

<li><a href="Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-16" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Iarbas&oldid=1295878519">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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